DEBIAN 10 Buster Canlı İmaj Dosyası Oluşturma
4 min read![](https://i0.wp.com/anadolupanteri.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/live-cd-36.png?fit=1024%2C522&ssl=1)
Yazının orjinali: https://anadolupanteri.net/2015/12/cd-veya-dvd-den-yuklenen-ve-tamamen.htmlCD veya DVD’den yüklenen ve tamamen Canlı CD veya canlı DVD önyüklenebilir linux işletim sistemidir. Görünüşte her zevke ve amaca uygun linux sürümleri olmasına rağmen, yine de kullanıcılar kendileri inşaa etmek ister. Bu kılavuz Debian 10 Buster tabanlı adım adım canlı yüklenebilir ve önyüklenebilir CD/DVD anlatacağız.
Adım 1: Gerekli Yazılımın Kurulması
- xorriso
- live-build
- syslinux
- squashfs-tools
- debootstrap
- isolinux
- genisoimage
- memtest86+
- rsync
![](https://i0.wp.com/anadolupanteri.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/live-cd-1.png?resize=640%2C162&ssl=1)
Adım 2: Temel Dosya Sistemi Oluşturma
Yeni bir çalışma dizini oluşturarak başlıyoruz ve debootstrap kullanarak temel Debian dosya sistemi hazırlayacağız. Ağ bağlantısı bağlı olarak, tüm gerekli paketler indirirken biraz zaman alacaktır.# mkdir ~/livework && cd ~/livework
![](https://i0.wp.com/anadolupanteri.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/live-cd-2.png?resize=640%2C20&ssl=1)
# debootstrap --arch=amd64 buster chroot
bash: debootstrap: komut yok
# whereis debootstrap
debootstrap: /usr/sbin/debootstrap /usr/share/debootstrap /usr/share/man/man8/debootstrap.8.gz
# echo $PATH
/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/local/games:/usr/games
# PATH=$PATH:/usr/sbin
# export PATHBu işlemlerden sonra komutu tekrar girelim
# debootstrap --arch=amd64 buster chroot
![](https://i0.wp.com/anadolupanteri.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/live-cd-3.png?resize=640%2C137&ssl=1)
![](https://i0.wp.com/anadolupanteri.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/live-cd-4.png?resize=640%2C345&ssl=1)
Adım 3: CHROOT
# mount -o bind /dev chroot/dev && cp /etc/resolv.conf chroot/etc/resolv.conf
# chroot chroot
# mount none -t proc /proc
# mount none -t sysfs /sys
# mount none -t devpts /dev/pts
# export HOME=/root
# export LC_ALL=C
# export PS1="\[3[0;37m\]244240$([[ $? != 0 ]] && echo \"[\[3[0;31m\]247\[3[0;37m\]]240\")[$(if [[ ${EUID} == 0 ]]; then echo '\[3[0;31m\]\h'; else echo '\[3[0;33m\]\u\[3[0;37m\]@\[3[0;96m\]\h'; fi)\[3[0;37m\]]240[\[3[0;32m\]\w\[3[0;37m\]]\n\[3[0;37m\]244240240254 \[3[0m\]"
![](https://i0.wp.com/anadolupanteri.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/live-cd-5.png?resize=640%2C250&ssl=1)
# apt-get install dialog dbus
![](https://i0.wp.com/anadolupanteri.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/live-cd-6.png?resize=640%2C219&ssl=1)
# dbus-uuidgen > /var/lib/dbus/machine-id
![](https://i0.wp.com/anadolupanteri.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/live-cd-7.png?resize=640%2C37&ssl=1)
# apt-get install linux-image-amd64 live-boot
![](https://i0.wp.com/anadolupanteri.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/live-cd-8.png?resize=640%2C185&ssl=1)
# passwd root
![](https://i0.wp.com/anadolupanteri.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/live-cd-9.png?resize=640%2C76&ssl=1)
# nano /etc/apt/sources.listÖntanımlı hali şu şekildedir.
![](https://i0.wp.com/anadolupanteri.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/live-cd-10.png?resize=640%2C364&ssl=1)
deb http://ftp.tr.debian.org/debian buster main contrib non-free
deb-src http://ftp.tr.debian.org/debian buster main contrib non-free
deb http://security.debian.org/ buster/updates main contrib non-free
deb-src http://security.debian.org/ buster/updates main contrib non-freeGüncelleyelim
# apt-get update
![](https://i0.wp.com/anadolupanteri.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/live-cd-12.png?resize=640%2C275&ssl=1)
# apt-get install sudo
![](https://i0.wp.com/anadolupanteri.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/live-cd-13.png?resize=640%2C111&ssl=1)
# usermod -a -G sudo root
![](https://i0.wp.com/anadolupanteri.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/live-cd-14.png?resize=640%2C35&ssl=1)
![](file:///tmp/lu19813gthzzs.tmp/lu19813gti01u_tmp_aca72abaa5030ef0.png)
# apt-get install xfce4 xfce4-goodiesOther seçeneğiyle devam ediyorum.
![](https://i0.wp.com/anadolupanteri.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/live-cd-16.png?resize=640%2C366&ssl=1)
![](https://i0.wp.com/anadolupanteri.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/live-cd-17.png?resize=640%2C366&ssl=1)
![](https://i0.wp.com/anadolupanteri.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/live-cd-18.png?resize=640%2C364&ssl=1)
# apt-get install synaptic apt-xapian-index gdebi menu git gitk
![](https://i0.wp.com/anadolupanteri.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/live-cd-19.png?resize=640%2C144&ssl=1)
# apt-get install network-manager-openvpn network-manager network-manager-gnome network-manager-openvpn-gnome
![](https://i0.wp.com/anadolupanteri.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/live-cd-20.png?resize=640%2C143&ssl=1)
# apt-get install firmware-linux
# apt-get install gigolo font-manager ndisgtk
![](https://i0.wp.com/anadolupanteri.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/live-cd-21.png?resize=640%2C234&ssl=1)
# apt-get install cheese --no-install-recommends
![](https://i0.wp.com/anadolupanteri.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/live-cd-22.png?resize=640%2C216&ssl=1)
# apt-get install vlc clementine shotwell gimp libreoffice qalculate evince
![](https://i0.wp.com/anadolupanteri.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/live-cd-23.png?resize=640%2C282&ssl=1)
# apt-get install firefox-esr
![](https://i0.wp.com/anadolupanteri.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/live-cd-24.png?resize=640%2C237&ssl=1)
# apt-get install vim ssh
![](https://i0.wp.com/anadolupanteri.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/live-cd-25.png?resize=640%2C264&ssl=1)
# rm -f /var/lib/dbus/machine-id
# apt-get clean
# rm -rf /tmp/*
# rm /etc/resolv.conf
# umount -lf /proc
![](https://i0.wp.com/anadolupanteri.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/live-cd-26.png?resize=640%2C154&ssl=1)
# umount -lf /sys
# umount -lf /dev/pts
# exit
$ umount -lf chroot/dev
![](https://i0.wp.com/anadolupanteri.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/live-cd-27.png?resize=640%2C82&ssl=1)
Adım 4: ISOLINUX
# cd ~
# mkdir -p image/{live,isolinux}
# cd ~/livework
# mkdir -p binary/live && mkdir -p binary/isolinux
# cp chroot/boot/vmlinuz-3.16.0-4-amd64 binary/live/vmlinuz
# cp chroot/boot/initrd.img-3.16.0-4-amd64 binary/live/initrd
![](https://i0.wp.com/anadolupanteri.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/live-cd-27-1.png?resize=640%2C108&ssl=1)
# mksquashfs chroot binary/live/filesystem.squashfs -e boot
![](https://i0.wp.com/anadolupanteri.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/live-cd-28.png?resize=640%2C215&ssl=1)
# cp /usr/lib/ISOLINUX/isolinux.bin binary/isolinux/
# cp /usr/lib/syslinux/modules/bios/hdt.c32 binary/isolinux/
# cp /usr/lib/syslinux/modules/bios/ldlinux.c32 binary/isolinux/
# cp /usr/lib/syslinux/modules/bios/libcom32.c32 binary/isolinux/
# cp /usr/lib/syslinux/modules/bios/libutil.c32 binary/isolinux/
# cp /usr/lib/syslinux/modules/bios/vesamenu.c32 binary/isolinux/
![](https://i0.wp.com/anadolupanteri.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/live-cd-29.png?resize=640%2C93&ssl=1)
# nano binary/isolinux/isolinux.cfg
![](https://i0.wp.com/anadolupanteri.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/live-cd-30.png?resize=640%2C23&ssl=1)
ui vesamenu.c32 prompt 0 menu title Boot Menu timeout 300 label live-amd64 menu label ^Live (amd64) menu default linux /live/vmlinuz kernel /live/vmlinuz append initrd=/live/initrd boot=live persistence quiet label live-amd64-failsafe menu label ^Live (amd64 failsafe) linux /live/vmlinuz kernel /live/vmlinuz append initrd=/live/initrd boot=live persistence config memtest noapic noapm nodma nomce nolapic nomodeset nosmp nosplash vga=normal /live/vmlinuz endtext
Adım 5: ISO Görüntüsünü Oluşturma
![](https://i0.wp.com/anadolupanteri.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/live-cd-31.png?resize=640%2C67&ssl=1)
![](https://i0.wp.com/anadolupanteri.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/live-cd-33.png?resize=640%2C369&ssl=1)
USB Belleğe ISO Görüntüsünü Aktarma
# lsblk
![](https://i0.wp.com/anadolupanteri.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/live-cd-34.png?resize=640%2C154&ssl=1)
# dd if=debian-live.iso of=/dev/sdc1
![](https://i0.wp.com/anadolupanteri.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/live-cd-35.png?resize=640%2C61&ssl=1)
![](https://i0.wp.com/anadolupanteri.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/live-cd-36.png?resize=640%2C326&ssl=1)
![](https://i0.wp.com/anadolupanteri.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/live-cd-37.png?resize=640%2C480&ssl=1)
![](https://i0.wp.com/anadolupanteri.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/live-cd-38.png?resize=640%2C480&ssl=1)